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| Last Updated:: 30/01/2017

Punnakayal estuary

 

Name of the estuary
Punnakayal estuary
Name of the river
Thamiraparani
Place
Punnakayal
District
Thoothukudi
State
Tamil Nadu
Important landmarks
Punnakayal
Average Depth
2 m
Type of the estuary
Bar-built
Water temperature
27°C
Nature of the substratum
Muddy
Salinity
29.9 ppt
Dissolve doxygen
4.54 ml/l


Image

 

River Basin Map

 

Photos

 

 

 

 

Physico-chemical parameters

 


 

Heavy metals in the water (mg/L) of PUnnakayal station 1 and 2

Sl.

No.

Months

Zn

Pb

Fe

Cr

S1

S2

S1

S2

S1

S2

S1

S2

1

Feb. ‘08

BDR

BDR

0.051

0.048

0.71

0.45

BDR

BDR

2

Mar. ‘08

0.38

BDR

0.030

0.026

0.99

0.81

0.150

0.130

3

Apr. ‘08

BDR

BDR

0.020

0.020

0.78

0.75

0.080

0.080

4

May ‘08

BDR

BDR

0.020

0.010

0.11

0.10

0.06

0.040

5

June ‘08

0.25

0.25

0.033

0.030

0.61

0.65

0.068

0.064

6

July ‘08

0.31

0.21

0.035

0.011

1.80

0.80

0.066

0.058

7

Aug. ‘08

0.25

0.28

0.051

0.070

1.50

0.35

0.088

0.071

8

Sep. ‘08

0.28

0.25

0.050

0.065

1.60

0.38

0.100

0.091

9

Oct. ‘08

0.38

0.28

0.070

0.080

2.88

3.18

0.160

0.110

10

Nov.‘08

0.45

0.41

0.081

0.068

2.55

2.48

0.230

0.180

11

Dec.’08

0.31

0.18

0.058

0.033

3.31

1.23

0.110

0.080

12

Jan. ‘09

0.35

0.21

0.038

0.015

2.81

0.80

0.080

0.100

 

 

Sl.

No.

Months

Hg

Ni

Mn

Cd

S1

S2

S1

S2

S1

S2

S1

S2

1

Feb. ‘08

BDR

BDR

BDR

BDR

0.270

0.140

0.05

0.03

2

Mar. ‘08

BDR

BDR

0.18

0.08

0.180

0.150

0.05

0.08

3

Apr. ‘08

BDR

BDR

BDR

BDR

0.150

0.170

0.03

0.01

4

May ‘08

BDR

BDR

BDR

BDR

0.180

0.180

BDR

BDR

5

June ‘08

BDR

BDR

BDR

BDR

BDR

BDR

0.02

0.01

6

July ‘08

BDR

BDR

0.18

0.10

0.173

0.183

0.03

0.03

7

Aug. ‘08

BDR

BDR

0.18

0.08

0.200

0.250

0.04

0.04

8

Sep. ‘08

BDR

BDR

0.21

0.12

0.130

0.080

0.05

0.04

9

Oct. ‘08

BDR

BDR

0.13

0.13

0.130

0.180

0.03

0.02

10

Nov.‘08

BDR

BDR

0.23

0.18

0.180

0.190

0.01

0.01

11

Dec.’08

BDR

BDR

0.07

0.09

0.150

0.180

0.03

0.02

12

Jan. ‘09

BDR

BDR

0.01

0.11

0.210

0.150

0.04

0.01

 

S1 – Station 1; S2 – Station 2; BDR – Below Detectable Range

 

 

Heavy metals in the sediment (mg/gm Dry weight) of Punnakayal station 1 and 2

 

Sl.

No.

Months

Zn

Pb

Fe

Cr

S1

S2

S1

S2

S1

S2

S1

S2

1

Feb. ‘08

BDR

BDR

0.058

0.056

0.66

0.66

BDR

BDR

2

Mar. ‘08

BDR

BDR

0.038

0.033

1.58

1.65

0.190

0.100

3

Apr. ‘08

0.23

BDR

0.028

0.028

0.81

0.88

0.100

0.100

4

May ‘08

0.60

BDR

0.020

0.020

0.53

0.35

0.073

0.060

5

June ‘08

0.21

0.06

0.045

0.030

0.96

0.81

0.083

0.060

6

July ‘08

0.22

0.08

0.041

0.028

2.00

1.00

0.085

0.080

7

Aug. ‘08

0.35

0.25

0.088

0.068

1.80

0.61

0.100

0.080

8

Sep. ‘08

0.19

0.18

0.071

0.070

1.80

0.68

0.130

0.070

9

Oct. ‘08

0.31

0.25

0.096

0.078

3.10

3.15

0.180

0.180

10

Nov.‘08

0.43

0.31

0.088

0.088

3.50

3.00

0.260

0.180

11

Dec.’08

0.21

0.18

0.060

0.045

2.80

2.10

0.130

0.110

12

Jan. ‘09

0.28

0.21

0.040

0.018

2.00

0.81

0.100

0.110

 

 

Sl.

No.

Months

Hg

Ni

Mn

Cd

S1

S2

S1

S2

S1

S2

S1

S2

1

Feb. ‘08

BDR

BDR

BDR

BDR

0.27

0.300

0.01

0.02

2

Mar. ‘08

BDR

BDR

0.192

0.186

0.20

0.150

BDR

BDR

3

Apr. ‘08

BDR

BDR

BDR

BDR

0.18

0.180

0.02

0.02

4

May ‘08

BDR

BDR

BDR

BDR

0.21

0.150

0.01

0.01

5

June ‘08

BDR

BDR

0.025

BDR

0.09

BDR

0.01

BDR

6

July ‘08

BDR

BDR

0.180

0.080

0.59

0.193

0.03

0.03

7

Aug. ‘08

BDR

BDR

0.220

0.091

0.33

0.130

0.05

0.04

8

Sep. ‘08

BDR

BDR

0.230

0.138

0.31

0.190

0.05

0.04

9

Oct. ‘08

BDR

BDR

0.280

0.140

0.33

0.198

0.06

0.05

10

Nov.‘08

BDR

BDR

0.300

0.183

0.35

0.230

0.08

0.05

11

Dec.’08

BDR

BDR

0.100

0.070

0.20

0.150

0.03

0.02

12

Jan. ‘09

BDR

BDR

0.100

0.051

0.21

0.110

0.02

0.01

 

S1 – Station 1; S2 – Station 2; BDR – Below Detectable Range

 

 

Reference

 

Rajesh Sthevan, T. Siva Rama Krishnan and Jamila Patterson, 2011. Preliminary survey on the heavy metal pollution in Punnakayal estuary of Tuticorin coast, Tamil Nadu. Global Journal of Environmental Research, 5(2): 89–96.