Manakudy estuary
Manakudy estuary
|
Name of the River
|
Pazhayar
|
|
Place
|
Manakudy
|
|
District
|
Kanyakumari
|
|
State
|
Tamil Nadu
|
|
Latitude
|
8° 088’N
|
|
Longtitude
|
77° 486’E
|
|
Important Land Marks
|
Manakudy
|
|
Type of the Estuary
|
Bar built
|
|
Water Temperature
|
24.8°–30.8°C
|
|
Salinity
|
1.40–25.31 ppt
|
Physico-chemical parameters
Nutrients, Organic carbon and Calcium carbonate of Station 1 (C1)
Descriptive statistical analysis for the grain size parameters
|
Sl. No.
|
Seasons
|
|
Grain size parameters
|
|
Mean
(Φ)
|
Sorting
(σ)
|
Skewness
(Ski)
|
Kurtosis
(KG)
|
|
1
|
Pre monsoon
|
Min
|
1.56
|
0.84
|
0.24
|
1.81
|
|
2
|
Max
|
2.01
|
0.98
|
0.82
|
2.43
|
|
3
|
Average ±
|
1.76 ± 0.14
|
0.90 ± 0.04
|
0.46 ± 0.19
|
2.09 ± 0.20
|
|
4
|
Monsoon
|
Min
|
1.84
|
0.78
|
-0.14
|
1.66
|
|
5
|
Max
|
2.18
|
1.02
|
0.39
|
2.59
|
|
6
|
Average ±
|
2.01 ± 0.13
|
0.89 ± 0.09
|
0.13 ± 0.21
|
2.06 ± 0.31
|
|
7
|
Post monsoon
|
Min
|
1.52
|
0.81
|
0.17
|
1.93
|
|
8
|
Max
|
1.94
|
0.92
|
0.86
|
2.99
|
|
9
|
Average ±
|
1.72 ± 0.12
|
0.87 ± 0.05
|
0.51 ± 0.21
|
2.29 ± 0.37
|
Seasonal variation on total heterotrophic bacterial count (CFU×105) in the water sample during the study period May 2012 - April 2013
|
Sl. No.
|
|
Southwest monsoon
|
Northeast monsoon
|
Non-monsoon
|
|
1
|
Station 1
|
12.20±0.26
|
17.30±0.58
|
9.95±0.43
|
|
2
|
Station 2
|
13.65±0.51
|
13.10±0.78
|
12.70±0.40
|
|
3
|
Station 3
|
13.58±0.66
|
12.03±0.37
|
13.60±0.12
|
|
4
|
Station 4
|
16.93±0.41
|
11.48±0.66
|
11.38±0.32
|
|
5
|
Station 5
|
14.25±0.21
|
20.35±0.26
|
11.45±0.30
|
|
6
|
Station 6
|
15.98±0.19
|
13.38±0.14
|
10.33±0.16
|
Biological entities
List of meiobenthic fauna recorded in Manakudy estuary
|
Sl. No.
|
Name of the Species
|
Station 1
|
Station 2
|
Station 3
|
Station 4
|
|
Nematodes
|
|
1
|
Desmoscolex sp.
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
2
|
Daptonema conicum
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
3
|
Halalaimus sp.
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
4
|
Theristus sp.
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
5
|
Viscosia sp.
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
Ostrocodes
|
|
6
|
Cypridina sp.
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
7
|
Cyprideis sp.
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
Harpacticoids copepods
|
|
8
|
Euterpina acutifrons
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
-
|
|
9
|
Macrosetella sp.
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
-
|
|
10
|
Microsetella sp.
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
-
|
|
11
|
Polychaeta larvae Foraminiferans
|
*
|
*
|
-
|
-
|
|
12
|
Ammonia beccarii
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
-
|
|
13
|
Globigerinoides sp.
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
14
|
Globigerina sp.
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
15
|
Lagena semistriata
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
16
|
Neoconorbina sp.
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
17
|
Nonion depressulum
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
18
|
Planorbulinella sp.
|
-
|
*
|
*
|
-
|
|
19
|
Quinqueloculina sp.
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
20
|
Rotalia pulchella
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
21
|
Rosalina bradyi
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
22
|
Rosalina globularis
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
23
|
Spiroloculina sp.
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
24
|
Spirillina limbata.
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
25
|
Textularia sp.
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
26
|
Triloculina sp.
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
-
|
|
27
|
Bolivina abbreviata
|
-
|
*
|
*
|
-
|
|
28
|
Discorbis sp
|
-
|
*
|
-
|
-
|
|
29
|
Eponides repandus
|
-
|
*
|
-
|
-
|
|
30
|
Planorbulinella sp.
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Microflora
|
|
31
|
Coscinodicus centralis
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
32
|
C. gigas
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
33
|
C. radiatus
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
|
34
|
C. thori
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
-
|
|
35
|
Triceratium favus
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
-
|
|
36
|
Pleurosigma elongatum
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
-
|
|
37
|
Odentella sinensis
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
-
|
|
Total
|
32
|
36
|
32
|
22
|
* Present, - Absent
References
Arumugam, A. and Sugirtha P. Kumar, 2015. Nutrient Distribution of Core Sediments in the mangroves of Manakudy estuary, Southwest coast of India. International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 4(1): 11–15.
Kannappan, T. and C. Amutha, 2014. Meiobenthic composition of Manakudy estuary, southwest coast of India. International Journal of Current Research, 6(11): 9989–9996.
Sheela, M.S. and P. Sugirtha Kumar, 2015. Grain size analysis and characterization of sedimentary environment along Manakudy estuary, Tamil Nadu, India. International Journal of Current Research, 7(3): 13265–13275.
Ajithamol, A., M. Michael Babu, S. Saraswathy and B. Venkadesh, 2016. A study on the role of microbial diversity and their interferences with the ecosystem of Manakudy estuary. International Journal of Current Research, 8(4): 29244–29247.